Broughton has amassed five filing cabinets packed with data and collected hundreds of cell cultures for analysis. His research has benefited his wife, an asthmatic whose attacks have decreased dramatically, and his 1. But unlike most researchers who study asthma, Dr. Broughton isn't focused on dust mites, pollen, or pollution. Broughton isn't the only researcher who attributes escalating asthma rates at least in part to dismal diets. In the United Kingdom, Ireland, New Zealand, and Australia - - countries where asthma now affects 3. They're intended to be an addition to - - not a substitute for - - the advice or treatment from your child's pediatrician. And there's a bonus: The same nutrition suggestions also protect your child against obesity, high cholesterol, and type 2 diabetes, which can crop up in adolescence or even earlier. Take a deep breath - - and dig in. Fruits & Vegetables Repair Lungs. Several years ago, Dr. Seaton traveled with his colleagues to Saudi Arabia to compare asthma and allergy rates of city- dwelling kids - - who tend to eat a produce- poor American- style diet - - and rural children of similar heritage who continue to follow the traditional Arab diet, which is rich in fruits and vegetables. The upshot: Even after controlling for pollution and other major risk factors, asthma was three times more prevalent in city kids. Seaton, who is now studying how eating habits during pregnancy affect a child's chance of developing asthma. In fact, city or rural kids who consumed the least vegetables and milk were two to three times more likely to develop asthma or allergies than kids who ate the most. Although fruit didn't seem to play a big role in Dr. Seaton's analysis, a handful of studies on adults, including a recent British one that looked at apple consumption, showed that it too may help reduce asthma symptoms. Why is produce protective? Researchers think that it cleans up after your child's immune system. Thanks to vaccinations and better healthcare, kids come down with fewer infections, reducing the need for their immune systems to produce Th. With little to do, the immune system gets into trouble, making Th. These cells inflame and injure airways - - increasing the risk of asthma. The vitamins in produce, especially A, C, and E, as well as many plant compounds called phytochemicals, act as antioxidants, helping to reduce airway stress and tissue damage. Greene, Ph. D., director of the Biology of Human Populations Program at the University of Massachusetts in Boston. In general, kids eat enough fruit, though they fall short on vegetables. Between 1. 97. 7 and 1. ![]() USDA. Vegetables Every Day. Photodisc. Breath- Saving Strategy: Increase your little one's vegetable intake to three servings daily. For kids 1 to 6, a serving is one tablespoon for each year of age. Heritage Dr Pepper (original recipe variant without corn syrup) Pepper Free (Discontinued) Diet Dr Pepper; Caffeine Free Dr Pepper; Diet Caffeine Free Dr Pepper. Celebrity trainer Dolvett Quince releases his first diet and fitness book, The 3-1-2-1 Diet, in November 2013. Watch video interviews with the author to learn more. Matty is a 3-4 year old male Jack Russell Terrier. He is neutered and is microchipped. Matty is an unclaimed stray from a Dog Pound where his time was up. For older children, figure on half a cup cooked veggies or one cup raw greens such as lettuce. Jack Bishop, author of Vegetables Every Day and father of two girls ages 6 and 2, offers advice for accomplishing what seems impossible: Think . Then he lets the kids select which one they want and scoops it onto their plates. Sometimes, they surprise him and ask for both! The more sauces and toppings you add, the more likely your kids are to run across an ingredient they don't like. So Bishop usually tosses vegetables with just a bit of olive oil. Roasting or grilling vegetables such as carrots and asparagus brings out their natural sweetness, making them more appealing to kids, says Bishop. Milk Increases Airflow. For nearly a decade, researchers from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC), an Auckland, New Zealand- based group, have been studying the diets of more than 7. U. S. One of their conclusions, published in the European Respiratory Journal earlier this year: Kids who got more calcium from food were less likely to wheeze. And calcium- rich milk reduced asthma in Dr. Seaton's study. Additional research from the University of Nottingham in England suggests that calcium may account for only part of milk's anti- asthma benefits - - its high magnesium content may play a role. The scientists studied the diet and measured the lung function of more than 2,6. After adjusting for risk factors like age and smoking, they found that subjects whose magnesium intake was 1. While they haven't repeated the trial in children, they advise that kids eat plenty of magnesium- rich foods. Breath- Saving Strategy: Make sure that your child meets her daily calcium and magnesium requirements from food. One- to 3- year- olds need 5. Older children should shoot for 1,3. Milk is a great source because it supplies 3. So if your 6- year- old drinks two cups daily, she'll get 7. And make sure your child polishes off her magnesium requirement by regularly offering her cereal, green veggies, beans, fish, and, if she's 4 or older, nuts. Fish, Canola Oil, and Walnuts Tackle Allergens. Children require two kinds of polyunsaturated fats, omega- 6 and omega- 3, for the best growth and development. Corn, sunflower, and safflower oils, used in commercial cookies, chips, cakes, and salad dressings, are rich in omega- 6s. Fish, canola oil, and walnuts supply the most omega- 3s. When in balance, these two fats help kids' immune systems fight off disease. The best ratio of omega- 6s to omega- 3s is 2. USDA. Unfortunately, USDA research shows that the typical American diet has about 1. ![]() The result: Too much omega- 6 prompts the immune system to overproduce chemicals called cytokines that inflame airways and make lung tissue very sensitive to irritants like dust, dander, and pollution. Grimble, Ph. D., professor of nutrition at the University of Southampton in England. An Australian study of 5. In the ISAAC study, children in countries with the highest seafood consumption were least likely to have asthma. Several additional reports, including Dr. Broughton's, suggest that fish oil supplements improve asthma symptoms in at least half of sufferers. While omega- 3s seem to prevent asthma, new research suggests that high levels of omega- 6s increase its likelihood. An Australian study examined risk factors for asthma in 9. Here, four ways to strike a better balance: Hook 'em on fish. Elevated Liver Enzymes. We had follow up 3 and 4 month. Twice a week, replace a serving of meat with fish for kids over age 1. But white tuna in water has an ample amount - - in fact, any kind of seafood has more omega- 3s than meat. Tips for Adding Omega- 3s. Jason Donnelly. To convince picky eaters to try seafood, start with mild- tasting white fish, marinating it in a flavor they enjoy, like honey mustard or barbecue sauce. You can also make fish nuggets - - cut the filet into strips, coat with bread crumbs, and bake in the oven. Serve with your child's favorite dip. Make tuna sandwiches more fun by using cookie cutters to shape them like flowers, hearts, or stars. Get an oil change. Canola contains an ideal ratio of omega- 6s to omega- 3s, while olive oil offers mostly monounsaturated fat, which may help calm airways, too, says Dr. Use either oil when saut. To add more flavor to a dish, stick with olive oil. Canola oil works best for stir- frying or baking; swap it for vegetable oil (substitute an equal amount) or margarine (use one- third less canola oil). Wow them with walnuts. They're the only nut rich in omega- 3s. For kids 4 and over, sprinkle walnuts on cereal, stir them in yogurt, or bake them in banana bread. Go easy on margarine. Most brands are at least 6. If your child eats margarine only once in a while, don't sweat it. But if she regularly spreads it on her bread and eats foods that are made with margarine, try alternative toppings such as fruit butters and low- fat cream cheese. Or buy a brand of margarine with a lower amount of vegetable oil, such as Smart Balance, which contains just 3. Trans- Fat- Free Food Calms Airways. In the ingredients of many processed foods, you'll see . This fat starts out as a polyunsaturated oil rich in omega- 6 and then is chemically altered when hydrogen is forced into it under pressure. Research suggests that trans fats are more antagonizing to asthma than the unbalanced ratio of omega- 6s to omega- 3s described in the previous section. Digesting and metabolizing trans fats, studies show, can create prostaglandins and leukotrienes, which are inflammatory chemicals. ![]() A 130-million year old dinosaur footprint has been. The fossil record seems to indicate that Australopithecus is the common ancestor of the distinct group of hominids now called Paranthropus (the "robust australopiths. ![]() ![]() Cutting Trans Fats. The ISAAC study found that 1. In a Finnish study evaluating the diets of 2. The asthmatic children, it turns out, ate more margarine (high in trans fat and omega- 6s) and less butter (low in omega- 6s and free of trans fat) than healthy kids. Breath- Saving Strategy: Don't pile on the butter - - too much saturated fat contributes to heart disease. Rather, avoid trans fats. Major sources are fast food (french fries and chicken nuggets), baked goods, and fried or oily snacks like chips, according to the Center for Science in the Public Interest, a Washington, DC- based advocacy group. Here's how to cut back. Slow down fast food. Go less often and try healthier kids' meal options - - Boston Market offers a child- size serving of turkey, ham, or chicken with a small side dish (like veggies or rice) while Subway's Kids' Pak offers a small deli sandwich (seven kinds are low- fat), a small drink (you'll probably be able to get bottled water, milk, or juice, depending on the location), and a cookie. When you're at Wendy's, Mc. Donald's, or Burger King, hamburgers are a better choice than chicken nuggets. Opt for milk or water instead of soda. Shop for better baked goods. ![]() The rate of adherence to a study diet was 95.4% at 1 year and 84.6% at 2 years. The Mediterranean-diet group consumed the largest amounts of dietary fiber. Get the latest health news, diet & fitness information, medical research, health care trends and health issues that affect you and your family on ABCNews.com. Look for items that don't contain partially hydrogenated oil (for the trans fats) or margarine and vegetable oil (for omega- 6s). Great cookies with canola oil: Barbara's Bakery Old- Fashioned Oatmeal, Country Choice Organic Sandwich Cookies, and Mi- Del Vanilla or Lemon Snaps. Snag healthier snacks. ![]() Microwave popcorn is often loaded with trans fat, and many brands of potato chips pack trans fat or lots of omega- 6s.
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